Conformational dynamics promotes disordered regions from function-dispensable to essential in evolved site-specific DNA recombinases

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

Abstract

Protein intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) play pivotal roles in molecular recognition and regulatory processes through structural disorder-to-order transitions. To understand and exploit the distinctive functional implications of IDRs and to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms, structural disorder-to-function relationships need to be deciphered. The DNA site-specific recombinase system Cre/loxP represents an attractive model to investigate functional molecular mechanisms of IDRs. Cre contains a functionally dispensable disordered N-terminal tail, which becomes indispensable in the evolved Tre/loxLTR recombinase system. The difficulty to experimentally obtain structural information about this tail has so far precluded any mechanistic study on its involvement in DNA recombination. Here, we use in vitro and in silico evolution data, conformational dynamics, AI-based folding simulations, thermodynamic stability calculations, mutagenesis and DNA recombination assays to investigate how evolution and the dynamic behavior of this IDR may determine distinct functional properties. Our studies suggest that partial conformational order in the N-terminal tail of Tre recombinase and its packing to a conserved hydrophobic surface on the protein provide thermodynamic stability. Based on our results, we propose a link between protein stability and function, offering new plausible atom-detailed mechanistic insights into disorder-function relationships. Our work highlights the potential of N-terminal tails to be exploited for regulation of the activity of Cre-like tyrosine-type SSRs, which merits future investigations and could be of relevance in future rational engineering for their use in biotechnology and genomic medicine.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)989-1001
Number of pages13
JournalComputational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
Volume20
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2022
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

PubMed 35242289
PubMedCentral PMC8860914
unpaywall 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.01.010
Mendeley 88d3f87e-23ae-333a-b0ac-3f1b52e28f4e
Scopus 85124800502

Keywords

DFG Classification of Subject Areas according to Review Boards

Keywords

  • AI-based folding, Evolution, Intrinsically disordered protein regions, Molecular dynamics, Structural disorder, Thermodynamic stability, site-specific DNA recombinase

Library keywords