A thermomechanical model of on-board multi-state hydrogen fuel systems in aviation
Research output: Contribution to book/Conference proceedings/Anthology/Report › Conference contribution › Contributed › peer-review
Contributors
Abstract
Achieving efficient and reliable on-board hydrogen storage is a central challenge in the decarbonisation of aviation. The effectiveness of hydrogen as a zero-carbon fuel depends strongly on its physical storage state. While Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) offers high energy density but requires complex cryogenic systems, Compressed Hydrogen (CH2) is operationally simpler yet penalised by high structural mass. Cryo-compressed Hydrogen (CH2) provides an intermediate option. Motivated by the hypothesis that combining tanks operating at different pressures and temperatures (multi-state storage) may offer complementary advantages, this study develops a framework to explore and quantify their potential. We present a modular thermomechanical model for single- and multi-tank hydrogen storage systems that takes mission requirements as input and returns a compatible tank geometry, transient thermal loads, and the pressure-temperature evolution in each tank. The model is verified against reference data and applied to a representative regional aircraft mission to demonstrate effectiveness in modelling single- and multi-tank configurations. These demonstrations confirm that the framework robustly captures inter-tank mass and energy exchange, providing a foundation for future studies aimed at evaluating performance trade-offs and design optimisation.
Details
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Future Aviation Propulsion Systems - From Tank to Thrust, from Research to Qualification |
| Editors | Francesca di Mare, Hanns Amri, Lorenz Braumann |
| Publisher | Springer, Cham |
| Chapter | 2 |
| Pages | 30-73 |
| Number of pages | 44 |
| ISBN (electronic) | 978-3-032-30740-8 |
| ISBN (print) | 978-3-032-30742-2, 978-3-032-30739-2 |
| Publication status | Published - 4 Jul 2026 |
| Peer-reviewed | Yes |
Publication series
| Series | Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering |
|---|---|
| ISSN | 2195-4356 |
Symposium
| Title | 2nd Vienna Aviation Days |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | Future propulsion systems – from tank to thrust, from research to qualification |
| Abbreviated title | VAD 2025 |
| Conference number | 2 |
| Duration | 7 - 8 July 2025 |
| Website | |
| Location | Wirtschaftskammer Österreich |
| City | Wien |
| Country | Austria |
External IDs
| ORCID | /0000-0003-3811-0777/work/221399259 |
|---|---|
| ORCID | /0009-0001-7932-7086/work/221402857 |
| ORCID | /0000-0003-1370-064X/work/221400464 |
| Scopus | 105046833851 |
| WOS | 001852107900002 |
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Keywords
- Cryo-compressed hydrogen, Cryogenic hydrogen, Hydrogen-powered aviation, Multi-state hydrogen storage, Thermodynamic modelling