Ultra-low LPS/LLZO interfacial resistance – towards stable hybrid solid-state batteries with Li-metal anodes

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Juliane Hüttl - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Christoph Seidl - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Henry Auer - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Kristian Nikolowski - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Arno L. Görne - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Michael Arnold - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Christian Heubner - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Mareike Wolter - , Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)
  • Alexander Michaelis - , Chair of Inorganic Non-Metallic Materials, Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems (Author)

Abstract

To enable solid-state batteries with Li metal anodes, different classes of electrolytes are being investigated, mainly polymers, oxides, and sulfides. To overcome individual drawbacks of the material classes, so called bilayer hybrid cells combining layers of different electrolyte materials are considered highly promising. However, the introduction of an additional interface between the two solid electrolytes raises the question of the corresponding interfacial resistance. Herein, the properties of the interface between the two promising electrolytes Al-LLZO (Li6.16Al0.28La3Zr2O12) and LPS (Li7P3S11) are investigated by comprehensive impedance analyses. A series of systematic measurements allows to deconvolute the pressure dependence of the resistances related to the LPS material and the LPS/LLZO interface. This analysis reveals a significant pressure dependence of the LPS/LLZO interfacial resistance, mainly attributed to constriction resistance. Optimization of the LPS/LLZO interface is carried out by targeted surface treatment, resulting in a dramatic decrease of the interfacial resistance to virtually zero. These mechanistic studies and optimization approaches are complemented by practically relevant cycling tests using Li-metal electrodes. The cells show excellent cycling stability and negligible degradation. These findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of solid-solid interfaces in bilayer hybrid cells, indicating that solid-state batteries with hybrid LPS/LLZO electrolytes appear highly promising.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)259-267
Number of pages9
JournalEnergy storage materials
Volume40
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2021
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

Sustainable Development Goals

Keywords

  • Hybrid electrolyte, Interface resistance, LLZO, LPS, Solid state battery