The logic of monsters: Development and morphological diversity in stem-cell-based embryo models

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Dominica Cao - , Yale University (Author)
  • Sumit Garai - , The Francis Crick Institute, University College London (Author)
  • James Difrisco - , The Francis Crick Institute (Author)
  • Jesse V. Veenvliet - , Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), TUD Dresden University of Technology (Author)

Abstract

Organoids and stem-cell-based embryo models (SEMs) are imperfect organ or embryo representations that explore a much larger space of possible forms, or morphospace, compared to their in vivo counterparts. Here, we discuss SEM biology in light of seminal work by Pere Alberch, a leading figure in early evo-devo, interpreting SEMs as developmental 'monstrosities' in the Alberchian sense. Alberch suggested that ordered patterns in aberrant development - i.e. 'the logic of monsters' - reveal developmental constraints on possible morphologies. In the same vein, we detail how SEMs have begun to shed light on structural features of normal development, such as developmental variability, the relative importance of internal versus external constraints, boundary conditions and design principles governing robustness and canalization. We argue that SEMs represent a powerful experimental tool to explore and expand developmental morphospace and propose that the 'monstrosity' of SEMs can be leveraged to uncover the 'hidden' rules and developmental constraints that robustly shape and pattern the embryo.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number20240023
JournalInterface focus
Volume14
Issue number5
Publication statusPublished - 25 Oct 2024
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

Keywords

  • developmental constraints, evo-devo, gastruloids, morphospace, organoids, Pere Alberch, stem-cell-based embryo models, teratology