The strategic integration of industrial waste materials in cementitious materials offers a viable pathway for reducing carbon emissions in the construction industry, while alleviating the environmental burden posed by the direct disposal of industrial residues. Among such by-products, marble dust – generated during cutting of natural marble stone – accounts for nearly 30% of quarried material, often ending up as landfill waste. The present study investigates the feasibility and performance implications of employing marble dust in conjunction with calcined clay as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) within ternary blended binder systems, such as limestone calcined clay cement (LC³). In this context, a binder formulation was developed with reduced clinker content of 50%, replacing the remaining portion with a 1:2 ratio (by weight) of marble dust to calcined clay. The mechanical performance of the binder systems was assessed in conjunction with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) after 2, 4, and 15 days of curing. Optimization of particle size distribution through refinement of the mixing procedure is also proposed. The results demonstrate that marble dust can significantly enhance the mechanical response of the ternary binder, as soon as its tendency to flocculate is mitigated by targeted strategies. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the developed ternary binder system in this study offers a technically viable and sustainable alternative to conventional Portland cement, while supporting broader goals of carbon footprint reduction and industrial waste valorization within the built environment.