With the advancement of sensing, machine learning, and computing systems, automated driving applications have been growing rapidly worldwide. Together with the development of communication technologies such as dedicated short-range communication, extensively emerging intelligent vehicles have been developed to connect with vehicles, pedestrians, infrastructures, and clouds in the transportation network. Thus, intelligent vehicles have become intelligent mobile terminal that carries rich functions and services, which expand and deepen the scope of human–machine interaction between human drivers and intelligent vehicles in the intelligent cockpit. Human drivers are the center of intelligent vehicles. To make future vehicles trustworthy in driving safety, acceptable in social travel efficiency, and comfortable in the driving experience, developing technologies based on human drivers’ reliable knowledge and cognitive intelligence together with smart operation is an essential and promising solution. However, there are many challenges to be addressed including real-time human driver perception, adaptive regulation of inappropriate driving operation, safe and comfortable interaction between human drivers and intelligent vehicles intelligent cockpits, etc.