In modern vascular surgery the availability of perioperatively obtained patient material (tissue, blood) makes basic research almost a must. Research is increasingly focusing on results from different sequencing techniques. In addition to the classical genome (genome-wide association studies, GWAS and whole exome sequencing, WES) and bulk RNA sequencing, which often require large and homogeneous cohorts, more and more new, more complex single cell sequencing methods are finding their way into basic research in vascular medicine. In particular, with these new methods smaller cohort sizes are often sufficient as one dataset per cell is created instead of just one dataset per tissue. Epigenetic sequencing and the analysis of hereditary characteristics using DNA sequencing are also performed more and more frequently in vascular surgery. In projects with sequencing involved, close communication and cooperation between physicians, biobanks and scientists is extremely important. Support from bioinformatics and mathematics is required for analysis of the data. Together with the patient’s phenotype a more holistic picture of vascular diseases can be presented.