Holding forces of two-stranded Figure-8 knotted slings in sandstone cracks: Experiments and analytical modelling

Research output: Contribution to journal › Research article › Contributed › peer-review

Abstract

In the Elbe Sandstone Mountains two-stranded Figure-8 knotted slings are commonly used as climbing protections. These protections are examined experimentally using 8 mm technical accessory cord in an artificial crack test rig. The resulting load-bearing capacity, in terms of the maximum force, is characterized for different friction linings, crack angles and crack widths. Based on the experimental results and an analytical model, it is demonstrated that for crack angles below 20° the required crack widths are less than the 1.5-fold rope diameter to effectively withstand typical forces encountered during a lead climber fall.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Number of pages11
JournalProceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 16 Jul 2026
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

ORCID /0000-0003-2653-7546/work/221398515
ORCID /0000-0003-1370-064X/work/221400463
ORCID /0000-0002-1122-0389/work/222087630
WOS 001821406200001
Mendeley dcfe8911-aa07-375a-a716-f2cce6bdbaef

Keywords

Keywords

  • climbing, protection gear, knotted sling, sandstone, Saxon Switzerland, Elbe Sandstone Mountains