Experimental Study of Dye Degradation in a Single-Jet Cavitation System

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Abstract

Fluid mechanical conditions are crucial for cavitation formation, and significantly influence chemical reactivity. This study investigates process conditions such as pressure, degassing, cavitation and reaction volume, and the sound emission of oxidative dye degradation by cavitation. For ensuring comparability and scalability, dimensionless similarity numbers aligned to the process were introduced. A further focus of the paper is reproducibility with corresponding guidelines. Measurements of dye degradation were carried out without additional chemicals. The oxidation process was assessed by the chemiluminescence of luminol. For this purpose, configurations with three nozzle sizes at different pressure differences were investigated. The generated cavitating jet was captured by imaging techniques and correlated to degradation. The most energy-efficient configuration was obtained by the smallest nozzle diameter of 0.6 mm at a pressure difference of 40 bar. Significant degassing occurred during cavitation. It was more pronounced with smaller nozzle diameters, correlating with higher degradation. Furthermore, discontinuous treatment methods can improve efficiency. Scaling to higher flow rates through multiple reactors in parallel proved more effective, compared to increasing the nozzle diameter or the pressure difference. For the same treated volume, two parallel reactors increased degradation by a factor of 1.35. The insights provide perspectives for optimizing jet cavitation reactors for water treatment.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number1088
Number of pages26
JournalProcesses
Volume13
Issue number4
Publication statusPublished - 4 Apr 2025
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

ORCID /0000-0003-1653-5686/work/183164534
unpaywall 10.3390/pr13041088
Mendeley f8c439c6-d191-31c7-8734-884c0f53dcd6
Scopus 105003735026

Keywords

Keywords

  • jet cavitation, chemiluminescence, dye degradation process, similarity numbers, scalability