Electrolyte for High Energy- and Power-density Zinc Batteries and Ion Capacitors
Research output: Contribution to journal › Research article › Contributed › peer-review
Contributors
Abstract
Growth of dendrites, limited coulombic efficiency (CE), and the lack of high-voltage electrolytes restrict the commercialization of zinc batteries and capacitors. These issues are resolved by a new electrolyte, based on the zinc(II)–betaine complex [Zn(bet)2][NTf2]2. Solutions in acetonitrile (AN) avoid dendrite formation. A Zn||Zn cell operates stably over 10 110 h (5055 cycles) at 0.2 mA cm−2 or 110 h at 50 mA cm−2, and has an area capacity of 113 mAh cm−2 at 80% depth of discharge. A zinc–graphite battery performs at 2.6 V with a midpoint discharge-voltage of 2.4 V. The capacity-retention at 3 A g−1 (150 C) is 97% after 1000 cycles and 68% after 10 000 cycles. The charge/discharge time is about 24 s at 3.0 A g−1 with an energy density of 49 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 6864 W kg−1 based on the cathode. A zinc||activated-carbon ion-capacitor (coin cell) exhibits an operating-voltage window of 2.5 V, an energy density of 96 Wh kg−1 with a power density of 610 W kg−1 at 0.5 A g−1. At 12 A g−1, 36 Wh kg−1, and 13 600 W kg−1 are achieved with 90% capacity-retention and an average CE of 96% over 10 000 cycles. Quantum-chemical methods and vibrational spectroscopy reveal [Zn(bet)2(AN)2]2+ as the dominant complex in the electrolyte.
Details
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2207131 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Advanced Materials |
Volume | 35 (2023) |
Issue number | 7 |
Publication status | Published - 25 Dec 2022 |
Peer-reviewed | Yes |
External IDs
Scopus | 85145205785 |
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WOS | 000903678500001 |
ORCID | /0000-0002-2391-6025/work/142250228 |
ORCID | /0000-0001-8423-6173/work/142250843 |
Keywords
Research priority areas of TU Dresden
DFG Classification of Subject Areas according to Review Boards
Subject groups, research areas, subject areas according to Destatis
Sustainable Development Goals
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Keywords
- Betaine complexes, Capacity retention, Electrolytes, Zinc batteries, Zinc-ion capacitors