In this paper, the polychromatic X-ray excitation of Kossel patterns by an X-ray tube and a focusing polycapillary lens will be presented. Additionally, it will be shown that the lateral resolution of the Kossel technique under X-ray tube excitation can be improved and the exposure times can be strongly reduced by using a polycapillary lens. The advantageous combination of X-ray fluorescence and crystal structure analysis by means of Kossel microdiffraction will be demonstrated.