This article explores the adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in higher education in Cambodia and Sri Lanka. It delves into the policies, practices, and contextual factors affecting the integration of ICTs into these countries’ educational systems. Drawing on policy documents, international organizational support, and field experiences, the study aims to identify key factors influencing the effective implementation of technology in education. Through an empirical approach, the article examines the political, socio-economic, and technological contexts of these nations, providing a comprehensive view of the challenges and opportunities in integrating ICTs into higher education. The findings highlight the significance of addressing issues related to hardware, software and content development, networks, and technical support. The study emphasizes the importance of improvement of ICT technological infrastructure of universities, training and qualification for educational staff to maximize the benefits of ICT in teaching and learning. It also acknowledges the gender gap in ICT-related programs and the need for gender-inclusive initiatives. Ultimately, this research underscores the vital role of ICT integration in advancing higher education, economic development, and global competitiveness in Cambodia and Sri Lanka. Addressing these challenges and harnessing ICT opportunities is paramount to building a digitally skilled workforce and enhancing higher education systems in these countries.