Workload uncertainty characterization and adaptive frequency scaling for energy minimization of embedded systems

Research output: Contribution to book/conference proceedings/anthology/reportConference contributionContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Anup Das - , University of Southampton (Author)
  • Akash Kumar - , National University of Singapore (Author)
  • Bharadwaj Veeravalli - , National University of Singapore (Author)
  • Rishad Shafik - , University of Southampton (Author)
  • Geoff Merrett - , University of Southampton (Author)
  • Bashir Al-Hashimi - , University of Southampton (Author)

Abstract

A primary design optimization objective for multi-core embedded systems is to minimize the energy consumption of applications while satisfying their performance requirement. A system-level approach to this problem is to scale the frequency of the processing cores based on the readings obtained from the hardware performance monitors. However, performance monitor readings contain uncertainty, which becomes prominent when applications are executed in a multicore environment. This uncertainty can be attributed to factors such as cache contention and DRAM access time, that are very difficult to predict dynamically. We demonstrate that such uncertainty can be controlled to make better decision on the processor frequency in order to minimize energy consumption. To achieve this, we propose a multinomial logistic regression model, which combines probabilistic interpretation with maximum likelihood (ML) estimation to classify an incoming workload, at run-time, into a finite set of classes. Every workload class corresponds to a frequency pre-determined using an appropriate training set and results in minimum energy consumption. The classifier incorporates (1) uncertainty with arbitrary probability distribution to estimate the actual frame workload; and (2) the frequency switching overhead, neither of which are considered in any of the existing approaches. The classified frequency is applied on the processing cores to execute the workload. The proposed approach is engineered into an embedded multicore system and is validated with a set of standard multimedia applications. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach minimizes energy consumption by an average 20% as compared to the existing techniques.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publication2015 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)
Place of PublicationGrenoble
PublisherIEEE Xplore
Pages43-48
Number of pages6
ISBN (electronic)978-3-9815-3705-5, 978-3-9815-3704-8
Publication statusPublished - 22 Apr 2015
Peer-reviewedYes
Externally publishedYes

Publication series

SeriesDesign, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE)
ISSN1530-1591

Conference

Title2015 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, DATE 2015
Duration9 - 13 March 2015
CityGrenoble
CountryFrance

Keywords

Research priority areas of TU Dresden

Sustainable Development Goals

ASJC Scopus subject areas