VpStyA1/VpStyA2B of variovorax paradoxus EPS: An aryl alkyl sulfoxidase rather than a styrene epoxidizing monooxygenase

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Dirk Tischler - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology, Ruhr University Bochum (Author)
  • Ringo Schwabe - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (Author)
  • Lucas Siegel - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (Author)
  • Kristin Joffroy - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (Author)
  • Stefan R. Kaschabek - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (Author)
  • Anika Scholtissek - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (Author)
  • Thomas Heine - , Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (Author)

Abstract

Herein we describe the first representative of an E2-type two-component styrene monooxygenase of proteobacteria. It comprises a single epoxidase protein (VpStyA1) and a two domain protein (VpStyA2B) harboring an epoxidase (A2) and a FAD-reductase (B) domain. It was annotated as VpStyA1/VpStyA2B of Variovorax paradoxus EPS. VpStyA2B serves mainly as NADH:FAD-oxidoreductase. A Km of 33.6 ± 4.0 µM for FAD and a kcat of 22.3 ± 1.1 s1 were determined and resulted in a catalytic efficiency (kcat Km1) of 0.64 s1 µM1. To investigate its NADH:FAD-oxidoreductase function the linker between A2- and B-domain (AREAV) was mutated. One mutant (AAAAA) showed 18.7-fold higher affinity for FAD (kcat Km1 of 5.21 s1 µM1) while keeping wildtype NADH-affinity and -oxidation activity. Both components, VpStyA2B and VpStyA1, showed monooxygenase activity on styrene of 0.14 U mg1 and 0.46 U mg1, as well as on benzyl methyl sulfide of 1.62 U mg1 and 3.11 U mg1, respectively. The high sulfoxidase activity was the reason to test several thioanisole-like substrates in biotransformations. VpStyA1 showed high substrate conversions (up to 95% in 2 h) and produced dominantly (S)-enantiomeric sulfoxides of all tested substrates. The AAAAA-mutant showed a 1.6-fold increased monooxygenase activity. In comparison, the GQWCSQY-mutant did neither show monooxygenase nor efficient FAD-reductase activity. Hence, the linker between the two domains of VpStyA2B has effects on the reductase as well as on the monooxygenase performance. Overall, this monooxygenase represents a promising candidate for biocatalyst development and studying natural fusion proteins.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number809
JournalMolecules
Volume23
Issue number4
Publication statusPublished - 2018
Peer-reviewedYes
Externally publishedYes

External IDs

PubMed 29614810
ORCID /0000-0002-7109-2788/work/172571672

Keywords

Keywords

  • Enantioselective biotransformation, Epoxidation, Flavoprotein, Fusion protein, Protein linker, Soil microorganism, Sulfoxidation, Two-component monooxygenase