Time-resolved optical shadowgraphy of solid hydrogen jets as a testbed to benchmark particle-in-cell simulations

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Long Yang - , Chair of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Lingen Huang - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Stefan Assenbaum - , Faculty of Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Thomas E. Cowan - , Chair of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Ilja Goethel - , Faculty of Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Sebastian Göde - , European XFEL (Author)
  • Thomas Kluge - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Martin Rehwald - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Xiayun Pan - , Chair of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Ulrich Schramm - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), TUD Dresden University of Technology (Author)
  • Jan Vorberger - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Karl Zeil - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Tim Ziegler - , Chair of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Constantin Bernert - , Faculty of Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)

Abstract

Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are a widely-used tool to model kinetics-dominated plasmas in ultrarelativistic laser-solid interactions (dimensionless vectorpotential a 0 > 1). However, interactions approaching subrelativistic laser intensities (a 0 ≲ 1) are governed by correlated and collisional plasma physics, calling for benchmarks of available modeling capabilities and the establishment of standardized testbeds. Here, we propose such a testbed to experimentally benchmark PIC simulations of laser-solid interactions using a laser-irradiated micron-sized cryogenic hydrogen-jet target. Time-resolved optical shadowgraphy of the expanding plasma density, complemented by hydrodynamics and ray-tracing simulations, is used to determine the bulk-electron-temperature evolution after laser irradiation. We showcase our testbed by studying isochoric heating of solid hydrogen induced by laser pulses with a dimensionless vectorpotential of a 0 ≈ 1. Our testbed reveals that the initial surface-density gradient of the target is decisive to reach quantitative agreement at 1 ps after the interaction, demonstrating its suitability to benchmark controlled parameter scans at subrelativistic laser intensities.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number368
JournalCommunications Physics
Volume6
Issue number1
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2023
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas