The TurbEFA Field Experiment—Measuring the Influence of a Forest Clearing on the Turbulent Wind Field

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

Abstract

Forest ecosystems play an important role in the interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere. Measurements and modelling efforts have revealed significant uncertainties in state-of-the-art flux assessments due to spatial inhomogeneities in the airflow and land surface. Here, a field experiment is used to describe the turbulent flow across a typical Central European forest clearing. A three-dimensional model of the inhomogeneous forest stand was developed using an innovative approach based on terrestrial laser-scanner technology. The comparison of the wind statistics of two measurement campaigns (5 and 12 months long) showed the spatial and temporal representativeness of the ultrasonic anemometer measurements within the canopy. An improved method for the correction of the vertical velocity enables the distinction between the instrumental offsets and the vertical winds due to the inclination of the instrument. Despite a 13 % fraction of deciduous plants within the otherwise evergreen canopy, the effects of phenological seasons on the velocity profiles were small. The data classified according to the wind speed revealed the intermittent nature of recirculating air in the clearing. Furthermore, the development of sub-canopy wind-speed maxima is explained by considering the velocity moments and the momentum equation (including measurements of the local pressure gradient). Clearings deflect the flow downward and feed the sub-canopy flow, i.e., advective fluxes, according to wind speed and, likely, clearing size, whereas local pressure gradients play an important role in the development of sub-canopy flow. The presented dataset is freely available at the project homepage.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)397-423
Number of pages26
JournalBoundary layer meteorology : an international journal of physical and biological processes in the atmospheric boundary layer
Volume2016
Issue number160
Publication statusPublished - 6 Apr 2016
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

Scopus 84962731604
ORCID /0000-0002-3734-9164/work/166325056

Keywords

Keywords

  • Forest inhomogeneity MetströmMomentum balance Turbulence measurementsVegetation model