The initiation of cannabis use in adolescence is predicted by sex-specific psychosocial and neurobiological features

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • IMAGEN Consortium - (Author)

Abstract

Cannabis use initiated during adolescence might precipitate negative consequences in adulthood. Thus, predicting adolescent cannabis use prior to any exposure will inform the aetiology of substance abuse by disentangling predictors from consequences of use. In this prediction study, data were drawn from the IMAGEN sample, a longitudinal study of adolescence. All selected participants (n = 1,581) were cannabis-naïve at age 14. Those reporting any cannabis use (out of six ordinal use levels) by age 16 were included in the outcome group (N = 365, males n = 207). Cannabis-naïve participants at age 14 and 16 were included in the comparison group (N = 1,216, males n = 538). Psychosocial, brain and genetic features were measured at age 14 prior to any exposure. Cross-validated regularized logistic regressions for each use level by sex were used to perform feature selection and obtain prediction error statistics on independent observations. Predictors were probed for sex- and drug-specificity using post-hoc logistic regressions. Models reliably predicted use as indicated by satisfactory prediction error statistics, and contained psychosocial features common to both sexes. However, males and females exhibited distinct brain predictors that failed to predict use in the opposite sex or predict binge drinking in independent samples of same-sex participants. Collapsed across sex, genetic variation on catecholamine and opioid receptors marginally predicted use. Using machine learning techniques applied to a large multimodal dataset, we identified a risk profile containing psychosocial and sex-specific brain prognostic markers, which were likely to precede and influence cannabis initiation.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2346-2356
Number of pages11
JournalEuropean journal of neuroscience
Volume50
Issue number3
Publication statusPublished - 1 Aug 2019
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

PubMed 29889330
ORCID /0000-0001-5398-5569/work/157318937
ORCID /0000-0001-5099-0274/work/157319098
ORCID /0000-0003-1477-5395/work/157319270

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Keywords

  • marijuana, neuroimaging, prediction, specificity