Predicting Magnetic Coupling and Spin-Polarization Energy in Triangulene Analogues

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Hongde Yu - , TUD Dresden University of Technology (Author)
  • Jianwei Sun - , Tulane University (Author)
  • Thomas Heine - , Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Yonsei University (Author)

Abstract

Triangulene and its analogue metal-free magnetic systems have garnered increasing attention since their discovery. Predicting the magnetic coupling and spin-polarization energy with quantitative accuracy is beyond the predictive power of today’s density functional theory (DFT) due to their intrinsic multireference character. Herein, we create a benchmark dataset of 25 magnetic systems with nonlocal spin densities, including the triangulene monomer, dimer, and their analogues. We calculate the magnetic coupling (J) and spin-polarization energy (ΔEspin) of these systems using complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and coupled-cluster methods as high-quality reference values. This reference data is then used to benchmark 22 DFT functionals commonly used in material science. Our results show that, while some functionals consistently correctly predict the qualitative character of the ground state, achieving quantitative accuracy with small relative errors is currently not feasible. PBE0, M06-2X, and MN15 are predicting the correct electronic ground state for all systems investigated here and also have the lowest mean absolute error for predicting both ΔEspin (0.34, 0.32, and 0.31 eV) and J (11.74, 12.66, and 10.64 meV). They may therefore also serve as starting points for higher-level methods such as the GW or the random phase approximation. As other functionals fail for the prediction of the ground state, they cannot be recommended for metal-free magnetic systems.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)3486-3497
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of chemical theory and computation
Volume19
Issue number12
Publication statusPublished - 27 Jun 2023
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

PubMed 37263582
WOS 001010262000001

Keywords

Keywords

  • Density-functional theory, Excited-states, Thermochemical kinetics, Electronic-structure, Basis-sets, Approximation, Complexes, Accurate, Valence, Excitations