Digital twins are being used for predictive maintenance of civil infrastructure. The real-time capabilities of digital twins are typically achieved through metrological monitoring of real objects, the “physical twins”. Monitoring processes of civil infrastructure usually generate large amounts of data, which can only be exploited if the monitoring data is automatically evaluated and assessed. Due to a lack of monitoring data that reflects actual structural damage (e.g., on bridges), existing evaluation methods are not sufficiently validated. Within the IDA-KI research project, a 45 m long, three-span, prestressed concrete (PC) research bridge, the “openLAB” bridge has been built and equipped with a monitoring system as a case study for investigating actual damage scenarios. Parts of the measurement technology, such as distributed fiber optic sensors, have been installed before pouring the concrete. In the first year after completion, the undamaged reference condition of the bridge is measured under climate and traffic impact. Next, load tests up to the state of severe damage will be carried out to create a database containing monitoring data corresponding to structural damage as well as to sensor faults of the monitoring system. This paper presents the concept for the IDA-KI research project, and first results of a system identification during construction and after completion of the PC bridge. Furthermore, the openLAB bridge is introduced with its structural features and the monitoring system. In the paper, methods for automated data analysis and sensor fault diagnosis are proposed and will be tested later using the monitoring data recorded from the openLAB bridge.