On the (Not So) Surprising Impact of Multi-Path Payments on Performance and Privacy in the Lightning Network

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Contributors

Abstract

The Lightning network (LN) addresses Bitcoin’s scalability issues by providing fast and private payment processing. In order to mitigate failures caused by insufficient channel capacities, LN introduced multi-path payments. To the best of our knowledge, the effect of multi-path payments remains unclear. In this paper, we therefore study the impact of multi-path payments on performance and privacy. We identify metrics quantifying the aforementioned properties and utilise them to evaluate the impact of multi-path payments. To this end, we develop a simulator implementing pathfinding in LN using single and multi-path payments as well as various pathfinding algorithms. We find that, while the success rate of multi-path payments is up to higher, the impact of multi-path payments on performance otherwise remains within limits. On the other hand, the impact on privacy appears to be greater, e.g., multi-path payments are more likely to encounter an on-path adversary and the relationship anonymity is more likely to be compromised by colluding intermediate hops. However, multi-path payments are less likely to be deanonymised based on the path lengths.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationComputer Security. ESORICS 2023 International Workshop
Pages411-427
Number of pages17
ISBN (electronic)978-3-031-54204-6
Publication statusPublished - Sept 2023
Peer-reviewedYes

Publication series

SeriesLecture Notes in Computer Science
Volume14398
ISSN0302-9743

Keywords