Modeling social interaction and metapopulation mobility of the COVID-19 pandemic in main cities of highly populated Java Island, Indonesia: An agent-based modeling approach

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Riris Andono Ahmad - , Gadjah Mada University (Author)
  • Muhammad Ali Imron - , Gadjah Mada University (Author)
  • Aditya Lia Ramadona - , Gadjah Mada University (Author)
  • Nurul Lathifah - , University of Indonesia (Author)
  • Faradhina Azzahra - , Universitas Diponegoro (Author)
  • Kirana Widyastuti - , Chair of Forest Biometrics and Systems Analysis (Author)
  • Anis Fuad - , Gadjah Mada University (Author)

Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus transmission is strongly influenced by human mobilities and interactions within and between different geographical regions. Human mobility within and between cities is motivated by several factors, including employment, cultural-driven, holidays, and daily routines. Method: We developed a sustained metapopulation (SAMPAN) model, an agent-based model (ABM) for simulating the effect of individual mobility and interaction behavior on the spreading of COVID-19 viruses across main cities on Java Island, Indonesia. The model considers social classes and social mixing affecting the mobility and interaction behavior within a sub-population of a city in the early pandemic. Travelers’ behavior represents the mobility among cities from central cities to other cities and commuting behavior from the surrounding area of each city. Results: Local sensitivity analysis using one factor at a time was performed to test the SAMPAN model, and we have identified critical parameters for the model. While validation was carried out for the Jakarta area, we are confident in implementing the model for a larger area with the concept of metapopulation dynamics. We included the area of Bogor, Depok, Bekasi, Bandung, Semarang, Surakarta, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, and Malang cities which have important roles in the COVID-19 pandemic spreading on this island. Discussion: Our SAMPAN model can simulate various waves during the first year of the pandemic caused by various phenomena of large social mobilities and interactions, particularly during religious occasions and long holidays.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number958651
JournalFrontiers in ecology and evolution
Volume10
Publication statusPublished - 20 Jan 2023
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

ORCID /0000-0003-2507-5570/work/170587572

Keywords

Keywords

  • COVID-19, human movement, Indonesia, metapopulation, pandemic, social interaction