The transport of material in sewing machines, also known as the material feeding system, is a crucial mechanism responsible for advancing the fabric during the stitch formation process. Chapter 9 explores the principles, components, and different transport systems that ensure precise and efficient fabric movement in industrial and household sewing machines. Key elements such as the stitch plate, feed dogs, and presser foot are discussed in detail, highlighting their roles in achieving optimal stitch quality and fabric handling. Various feeding mechanisms—including drop feed, needle feed, differential feed, and compound feed—are examined, each designed to address specific material properties and industrial requirements. Advanced systems such as programmable transport for varying fabric thicknesses, X-feed mechanisms, and puller feed systems that further enhance efficiency, precision, and seam quality in high-speed sewing operations are also discussed. The evolution of material transport has significantly improved sewing accuracy, reduced fabric distortion, and increased production efficiency. With the integration of digital controls and automation, modern sewing machines now offer adaptive feeding systems that adjust in real time for optimal performance. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of material transport technologies, their impact on garment manufacturing, and their role in shaping the future of textile production.