Large-eddy simulation of the fluid–structure interaction in aquatic canopies consisting of highly flexible blades

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Abstract

The paper presents a simulation of the turbulent flow over and through a submerged aquatic canopy composed of 672 long, slender ribbons modelled as Cosserat rods. It is characterized by a bulk Reynolds number of 20 000, and a friction Reynolds number of 2638. Compared with a smooth turbulent channel at the same bulk Reynolds number, the canopy increases drag by a factor of 12. The ribbons are highly flexible, with a Cauchy number of 25 000, slightly buoyant, and densely packed. Their length exceeds the channel height by a factor of 1.6, while their average reconfigured height is only a quarter of the channel height. Different from lower-Cauchy-number cases, the movement of the ribbons, characterized by the motion of their tips, is very pronounced in the vertical direction, and even more in the spanwise direction, with root-mean-square fluctuations of the spanwise tip position 1.5 times the vertical ones. A canopy hull is defined to analyse the collective motion of the canopy and its interaction with the outer flow. Dominant spanwise wavelengths at this interface measure approximately one channel height, corresponding to twice the spacing of adjacent high- and low-speed streaks identified in two-point correlations of fluid velocity fluctuations. Conditional averages associated with troughs and ridges in the topography of the hull reveal streamwise-oriented counter-rotating vortices. They are reminiscent of the head-down structures related to the monami phenomenon in lower-Cauchy-number cases.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article numberA4
Number of pages61
JournalJournal of fluid mechanics
Volume1016
Publication statusPublished - 28 Jul 2025
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

Scopus 105012306325
ORCID /0000-0003-1653-5686/work/192581048
ORCID /0000-0002-7731-0950/work/192582001

Keywords

Keywords

  • turbulent boundary layers, collective behaviour, flow-structure interactions