The development in the building industry is moving towards slimmer, higher and more resource-saving constructions. These goals require new demands on material efficiency. In reinforced concrete construction, high performance (HPC) and ultra-high performance concretes (UHPC) were developed for these purposes. Components with high slenderness in applications with frequently changing load situations, especially in the area of wide-span bridges and wind turbines, must not only withstand high static loads, but also high fatigue loads. But the fatigue behaviour of HPC and UHPC is still under research. Therefore, tests were carried out on cylinders to determine the fatigue strength. The high number of required load changes is often achieved with high frequencies. In previous investigations with high performance concretes, heating up of specimens was observed. We assume that this heating has a significant influence on the fatigue strength of such (ultra-)high performance concretes. The aim is to find out the parameters that determine the temperature increase. After investigations on the influence of frequency, the maximum stress level and the maximum aggregate size, the influence of the concrete’s compressive strength will be presented in this paper. Using a normal strength concrete (NC), a HPC and an UHPC, it should be determined to what extent the various concrete strengths are susceptible to heating. In addition, the influence of minimum stress level is investigated with two steps.