Organic light emitting diodes (OLED) were fabricated on substrates free of the commonly used indium-tin-oxide (ITO), which achieve highly competitive device performances. An additional poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) layer can be applied to the ITO anode to make it smooth. The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS can be increased drastically if solvents with higher boiling points than water are added to the polymer. Green and blue OLEDs even surpassed the efficiencies achieved with ITO-based anode devices. For red OLEDs, comparable efficiencies were achieved with both anode materials. The results demonstrate that a polymer anode has the potential to substitute ITO in OLEDs.