Fully Encapsulated and Stable Black Phosphorus Field-Effect Transistors

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Himani Arora - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Zahra Fekri - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Yagnika Nandlal Vekariya - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Phanish Chava - , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Kenji Watanabe - , National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba (Author)
  • Takashi Taniguchi - , National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba (Author)
  • Manfred Helm - , Chair of Semiconductor Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)
  • Artur Erbe - , Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) (Author)

Abstract

Black phosphorus (BP) has quickly gained popularity in the scientific community owing to its interesting semiconducting properties, such as direct bandgap, high mobility, and intrinsic ambipolar behavior. However, its sensitivity to oxygen, moisture, and other air species has restricted its integration into active devices. Here, the lithography-free via-encapsulation scheme to fabricate fully-encapsulated BP-based field-effect transistors (FETs) is employed. The full encapsulation is achieved by sandwiching the BP layers between the top and bottom hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) layers; top hBN passivating the BP layer from the environment and bottom hBN acting as a spacer and suppressing charge transfer to the BP layer from the SiO2 substrate. The embedded via-metal electrodes allow the authors to perform reliable electrical measurements of the BP FETs. Based on these results, it is found that the electronic properties of the via-encapsulated BP FETs are significantly improved compared to unencapsulated devices. This further establishes that the via-contacting scheme leads to superior results compared to graphene-hBN heterostructures and bare hBN layers combined with evaporated metal contacts (both use top and bottom hBN to encapsulate BP) by revealing higher mobility, lower hysteresis, and long-term ambient-stability in BP FETs.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number2200546
Pages (from-to)1-7
Number of pages7
JournalAdvanced materials technologies
Volume8
Issue number2
Publication statusPublished - 24 Jan 2023
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

Keywords

  • 2D semiconductors, black phosphorus, encapsulation, field-effect transistors, hexagonal boron nitride