Primary cilia project from the surface of most vertebrate cells andare key in sensing extracellular signals and locally transducing thisinformation into a cellular response. Recent findings show that pri-mary cilia are not merely static organelles with a distinct lipid andprotein composition. Instead, the function of primary cilia relies onthe dynamic composition of molecules within the cilium, thecontext-dependent sensing and processing of extracellular stimuli,and cycles of assembly and disassembly in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Thereby, primary cilia dynamically integrate dif-ferent cellular inputs and control cell fate and function during tis-sue development. Here, we review the recently emerging conceptof primary cilia dynamics in tissue development, organization,remodeling, and function.