This study deals with effects on the interference signal caused by axial, transverse, and oblique motion in spectrometer-based Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD OCT). Two different systems are compared-one with a global shutter line detector and the other with a rolling shutter. We present theoretical and experimental investigations of motion artifacts. Regarding axial motion, fringe washout is observed in both systems, and an additional Doppler frequency shift is seen in the system using a rolling shutter. In addition, both systems show the same SNR decrease as a result of a transversely and obliquely moving sample. The possibility of flow measurement by using the decrease in signal power was demonstrated by imaging 1% Intralipid emulsion flowing through a glass capillary. This research provides an understanding of the SNR degradation caused by sample motion and demonstrates the importance of fast data acquisition in medical imaging.