Photogrammetry is a technique to derive metric information from images with high precision and reliability. The paper presents the fundamentals and some application examples of close range photogrammetry in civil engineering material testing. A clear advantage of photogrammetric techniques is in the fact that it allows for simultaneous measurements at a large number of positions in an image. Processing stereoscopic images, 3D object information can be obtained. Subpixel accuracy image processing operators together with strict geometric sensor modeling allows for obtaining high accuracies in fully automatic measurement systems based on off-the-shelf camera components.