Design of an UWB Based Real Time Locating System for Semi-Autonomous Crane Operation

Research output: Contribution to conferencesPaperContributedpeer-review

Abstract

This paper proposes a localization-based interface for semi-automated crane movement, allowing the crane to navigate to the operator's position via a low-cost Ultra-Wideband (UWB) tag. This could reduce the cognitive load induced by traditional interfaces and improve safety and productivity. Due to the hardware-specific challenges to access Channel Impulse Response (CIR) data in low-cost modules, various mitigation strategies for Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions were evaluated. This study examines the exact scenario and implications for anchor placements with a simulated approach and then real-world measurements to examine localization methods. A robotic total station provided the ground truth for tracking the end-effector of a truck-mounted concrete pump as a proxy for crane operations. The evaluation of different localization algorithms, including Non-linear Least Squares, Least Median of Squares, residual based weighting and an RSSI-weighted approach demonstrates that integrating temporal consistency and RSSI values significantly improves robustness against NLOS outliers at a low computational cost. Vertical accuracy was limited by a poor Vertical Dilution of Precision (VDOP) during testing, due to coplanar anchor arrangements. However horizontal positioning remained stable. The findings suggest that the proposed system proves its viability for enhancing the intuitive operation of compact construction machinery in complex environments, but situations where the majority of anchors experience NLOS need to be avoided with proper anchor placements.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages240-246
Number of pages7
Publication statusPublished - 25 Jun 2026
Peer-reviewedYes

Conference

Title43rd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
SubtitleConstructing the Future: Sustainable, Smart, and Lean
Abbreviated titleISARC 2026
Conference number43
Descriptionco-located with the 34th Annual Conference of the International Group of Lean Construction (IGLC34)
Duration22 - 26 June 2026
Website
Degree of recognitionInternational event
LocationNational University of Singapore
CitySingapore
CountrySingapore

External IDs

ORCID /0009-0002-4626-6528/work/219762309
ORCID /0000-0002-9168-0835/work/219973642
ORCID /0000-0002-0315-5150/work/219975813