Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Tirtha Chanda - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)
  • Katja Hauser - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)
  • Sarah Hobelsberger - , Department of Dermatology, Skin Tumor Center (Author)
  • Tabea Clara Bucher - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)
  • Carina Nogueira Garcia - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)
  • Christoph Wies - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg University  (Author)
  • Harald Kittler - , Medical University of Vienna (Author)
  • Philipp Tschandl - , Medical University of Vienna (Author)
  • Cristian Navarrete-Dechent - , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Author)
  • Sebastian Podlipnik - , University of Barcelona (Author)
  • Emmanouil Chousakos - , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Author)
  • Iva Crnaric - , Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center (Author)
  • Jovana Majstorovic - , Derma Style (Author)
  • Linda Alhajwan - , Dubai London Clinic (Author)
  • Tanya Foreman - , Newport Beach Surgery Center (Author)
  • Sandra Peternel - , University of Rijeka (Author)
  • Sergei Sarap - , LaserMed (Author)
  • İrem Özdemir - , Gazi University (Author)
  • Raymond L. Barnhill - , Institut Curie (Author)
  • Mar Llamas-Velasco - , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Author)
  • Gabriela Poch - , Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Author)
  • Sören Korsing - , University of Duisburg-Essen (Author)
  • Wiebke Sondermann - , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (Author)
  • Frank Friedrich Gellrich - , Department of Dermatology (Author)
  • Markus V. Heppt - , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (Author)
  • Michael Erdmann - , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (Author)
  • Sebastian Haferkamp - , University of Regensburg (Author)
  • Konstantin Drexler - , University of Regensburg (Author)
  • Matthias Goebeler - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Bastian Schilling - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Jochen S. Utikal - , Heidelberg University  (Author)
  • Kamran Ghoreschi - , Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Author)
  • Stefan Fröhling - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)
  • Eva Krieghoff-Henning - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)
  • Alexander Salava - , University of Helsinki (Author)
  • Alexander Thiem - , University of Rostock (Author)
  • Alexandris Dimitrios - , Evagelismos Hospital (Author)
  • Amr Mohammad Ammar - , Al-Azhar University (Author)
  • Ana Sanader Vučemilović - , University Hospital Center Split (Author)
  • Andrea Miyuki Yoshimura - , State University of Campinas (Author)
  • Andzelka Ilieva - , Zan Mitrev Clinic (Author)
  • Anja Gesierich - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Antonia Reimer-Taschenbrecker - , Northwestern University, University Medical Center Freiburg (Author)
  • Antonios G.A. Kolios - , University of Zurich (Author)
  • Arturs Kalva - , Riga Stradins University (Author)
  • Arzu Ferhatosmanoğlu - , Karadeniz Technical University (Author)
  • Aude Beyens - , Ghent University (Author)
  • Claudia Pföhler - , Saarland University (Author)
  • Dilara Ilhan Erdil - , Ministry of Health, Turkey (Author)
  • Dobrila Jovanovic - , Sloga Medik Center (Author)
  • Emoke Racz - , University of Groningen (Author)
  • Falk G. Bechara - , Ruhr University Bochum (Author)
  • Federico Vaccaro - , University of Messina (Author)
  • Florentia Dimitriou - , University of Zurich (Author)
  • Gunel Rasulova - , Koc University (Author)
  • Hulya Cenk - , Pamukkale University (Author)
  • Irem Yanatma - , Fethiye State Hospital Akarca (Author)
  • Isabel Kolm - , University of Zurich (Author)
  • Isabelle Hoorens - , Ghent University (Author)
  • Iskra Petrovska Sheshova - , Dr.Iskra - Dermatology Aesthetic Clinic (Author)
  • Ivana Jocic - , Military Medical Academy (Author)
  • Jana Knuever - , University of Cologne (Author)
  • Janik Fleißner - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Janis Raphael Thamm - , University Hospital Augsburg (Author)
  • Johan Dahlberg - , Umeå University (Author)
  • Juan José Lluch-Galcerá - , Generalitat de Catalunya (Author)
  • Juan Sebastián Andreani Figueroa - , Universidad del Desarrollo (Author)
  • Julia Holzgruber - , Kepler University Hospital (Author)
  • Julia Welzel - , University Hospital Augsburg (Author)
  • Katerina Damevska - , SS Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje (Author)
  • Kristine Elisabeth Mayer - , Technical University of Munich (Author)
  • Lara Valeska Maul - , University of Basel (Author)
  • Laura Garzona-Navas - , Hospital Clinica Biblica (Author)
  • Laura Isabell Bley - , University of Münster (Author)
  • Laurenz Schmitt - , Heidelberg University  (Author)
  • Lena Reipen - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Lidia Shafik - , Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust (Author)
  • Lidija Petrovska - , Clinical hospital Shtip (Author)
  • Linda Golle - , Martin Luther University Hospital (Author)
  • Luise Jopen - , Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg (Author)
  • Magda Gogilidze - , Kani - International Dermatological Clinic (Author)
  • Maria Rosa Burg - , University of Hamburg (Author)
  • Martha Alejandra Morales-Sánchez - , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Author)
  • Martyna Sławińska - , Medical University of Gdańsk (Author)
  • Miriam Mengoni - , Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg (Author)
  • Miroslav Dragolov - , Mirabel Clinic (Author)
  • Nicolás Iglesias-Pena - , IMQ San Rafael (Author)
  • Nina Booken - , University of Hamburg (Author)
  • Nkechi Anne Enechukwu - , Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka (Author)
  • Oana Diana Persa - , Technical University of Munich (Author)
  • Olumayowa Abimbola Oninla - , Obafemi Awolowo University (Author)
  • Panagiota Theofilogiannakou - , Evagelismos Hospital (Author)
  • Paula Kage - , Hautarztpraxis Dr. med. Paula Kage (Author)
  • Roque Rafael Oliveira Neto - , Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (Author)
  • Rosario Peralta - , Universidad de Buenos Aires (Author)
  • Rym Afiouni - , Saint Joseph University (Author)
  • Sandra Schuh - , University Hospital Augsburg (Author)
  • Saskia Schnabl-Scheu - , University of Tübingen (Author)
  • Seçil Vural - , Koc University (Author)
  • Sharon Hudson - , Eastern Health (Author)
  • Sonia Rodriguez Saa - , OSEP - Hospital Del Carmen (Author)
  • Sören Hartmann - , TUD Dresden University of Technology (Author)
  • Stefana Damevska - , Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital (Author)
  • Stefanie Finck - , Klinikum Stuttgart (Author)
  • Stephan Alexander Braun - , University of Münster, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (Author)
  • Tim Hartmann - , University of Tübingen (Author)
  • Tobias Welponer - , Paracelsus Private Medical University (Author)
  • Tomica Sotirovski - , SS Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje (Author)
  • Vanda Bondare-Ansberga - , Rîga 1st Hospital (Author)
  • Verena Ahlgrimm-Siess - , Paracelsus Private Medical University (Author)
  • Verena Gerlinde Frings - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Viktor Simeonovski - , SS Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje (Author)
  • Zorica Zafirovik - , SS Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje (Author)
  • Julia Tatjana Maul - , Northwestern University, University Medical Center Freiburg (Author)
  • Saskia Lehr - , University Medical Center Freiburg (Author)
  • Marion Wobser - , University of Würzburg (Author)
  • Dirk Debus - , Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg (Author)
  • Hassan Riad - , Doha Metropolitan Area (Author)
  • Manuel P. Pereira - , Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Author)
  • Zsuzsanna Lengyel - , University of Pecs (Author)
  • Alise Balcere - , Riga Stradins University (Author)
  • Amalia Tsakiri - , Genesis Clinic (Author)
  • Ralph P. Braun - , University of Zurich (Author)
  • Titus J. Brinker - , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) (Author)

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists’ decisions has not yet been evaluated. Building upon previous research, we introduce an XAI system that provides precise and domain-specific explanations alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. Through a three-phase study, we assess its impact on dermatologists’ diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. Our results show strong alignment between XAI and dermatologist explanations. We also show that dermatologists’ confidence in their diagnoses, and their trust in the support system significantly increase with XAI compared to conventional AI. This study highlights dermatologists’ willingness to adopt such XAI systems, promoting future use in the clinic.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number524
JournalNature communications
Volume15
Issue number1
Publication statusPublished - 15 Jan 2024
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

PubMed 38225244
ORCID /0000-0001-5703-324X/work/152543185
ORCID /0000-0002-2164-4644/work/152545845

Keywords

Keywords

  • Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Artificial Intelligence, Dermatologists, Melanoma/diagnosis, Trust