Structure and composition of materials have an irreplaceable effect on their electromagnetic wave absorption ability. In this study, a series of heterogeneous interface reconstruction products (ZnCo₂O₄-CoO@N/C, ZnO-Co@N/C and Co₃ZnC-Co@N/C) was obtained by calcining the prepared ZnCo₂O₄@ZIF-67(MOF) heterogeneous precursor composite material at different temperatures. The results show that, ZnCo₂O₄-CoO@N/C shows excellent reflection loss (RL) of −17.82 dB with the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.77 GHz, ZnO-Co@N/C shows RL of −62.7 dB with EAB of 5.75 GHz and Co₃ZnC-Co@N/C shows RL of −67.97 dB with EAB of 5.23 GHz. The results further confirmed that the absorbing materials with multi-heterogeneous interfaces can achieve better impedance matching and reflection loss through multiple reflections and scatterings as well as the synergistic effects of conductive loss, dielectric loss and magnetic loss. The research results also show that the composition of the multi-heterointerface absorbing material has an important influence on its absorption performance. Therefore, this work provides an important thought for the design and preparation of high-performance multi-heterointerface absorbing materials.