Radical resection with central ligation of the vessels and radical lymphadenectomy remains the surgical standard for treating colon cancer. It has been shown that laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer can be an alternative treatment option, although there are still limitations for the use of this technique. A multivisceral resection with resection of the involved organs is the treatment of choice for locally advanced colon cancer. The prognosis for these patients is very good if a curative (R0) resection can be achieved. Recent data suggest that the quality of surgery with an adequate dissection plane is important not only for rectal cancer but also for colon cancer. It has also been shown that the prognosis for colon cancer patients depends significantly on the surgeon's experience and the patient volume of the treating institution. The postoperative management has now changed to a fast-track concept with immediate enteral nutrition and early recovery of the patients.