Building synthetic multicellular systems using bottom–up approaches

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • David T. Gonzales - , Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD) (Author)
  • Christoph Zechner - , Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), TUD Dresden University of Technology, Clusters of Excellence PoL: Physics of Life (Author)
  • T. Y.Dora Tang - , Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Clusters of Excellence PoL: Physics of Life (Author)

Abstract

A grand challenge in bottom–up synthetic biology is the design and construction of synthetic multicellular systems using nonliving molecular components. Abstracting key features of compartmentalisation, reaction and diffusion, and communication provides the blueprint for assembling synthetic multiscale systems with emergent properties. The diverse range of chemistries for building encapsulated reactions in micron-sized compartments offers combinatorial flexibility and modularity in building synthetic multicellular systems with molecular-level control. Here, we focus on recent advances in the emerging area of bottom–up approaches to create biologically inspired multicellular systems. Specifically, we consider how intercellular communication and feedback loops can be integrated into populations of synthetic cells and summarise recent developments for the 2D/3D spatial localisation of microcompartments. Although building bottom–up multicellular systems is still in its infancy, progress in this field offers tractable models to understand the minimal requirements for generating multiscale systems from the molecular level for fundamental research and innovative technological applications.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)56-63
Number of pages8
JournalCurrent opinion in systems biology
Volume24
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2020
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

Keywords

  • 3D printing, Bottom-up synthetic biology, Feedback loops, Intercellular communication, Microfluidics, Multicellular systems, Spatial localization, Synthetic cells