BOT-MICS: Bounding Time Using Analytics in Mixed-Criticality Systems
Research output: Contribution to journal › Research article › Contributed › peer-review
Contributors
Abstract
An increasing trend for reducing cost, space, and weight leads to modern embedded systems that execute multiple tasks with different criticality levels on a common hardware platform while guaranteeing a safe operation. In such Mixed-Criticality (MC) systems, multiple Worst-Case Execution Times (WCETs) are defined for each task, corresponding to system operation mode to improve the MC system’s timing behavior at run-time. Determining the appropriate WCETs for lower criticality modes is non-trivial. On the one hand, considering a very low WCET for tasks can improve the processor utilization by scheduling more tasks in that mode, on the other hand, using a larger WCET ensures that the mode switches (which causes by task overrunning) are minimized, thereby improving the quality-of-service for all tasks, albeit at the cost of processor utilization. Hitherto, no analytical solutions are proposed to determine WCETs in lower criticality modes. In this regard, we propose a scheme to determine WCETs by Chebyshev theorem, to make a trade-off between the number of scheduled tasks at design-time and the number of dropped low-criticality tasks at run-time as a result of frequent mode switches. To have a tight bound of execution times and mode switching probability, we also propose a distribution analytics-based scheme, in which the mode switching probability is obtained based on the cumulative distribution function. Our experimental results show that our scheme improves the utilization of state-of-the-art MC systems by up to 72.27%, while maintaining 24.28% mode switching probability in the worst-case scenario. Besides, the results of running embedded real-time benchmarks on a real platform show that the distribution-based scheme can improve the utilization by 7.30% while bounding the mode switching probability by 4.85% more, compared to the Chebyshev-based scheme.
Details
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 3239 - 3251 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | IEEE transactions on computer-aided design of integrated circuits and systems |
Volume | 41 |
Issue number | 10 |
Publication status | Published - Oct 2022 |
Peer-reviewed | Yes |
External IDs
WOS | 000856129900010 |
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Mendeley | bfbcc6ef-f459-3eb4-b1c9-e57b65f30e54 |
Keywords
Research priority areas of TU Dresden
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Keywords
- Chebyshev approximation, Mixed-Criticality, Mode Switching Probability, Optimization, Quality of service, Real-time systems, Resource Utilization, Schedulability, Switches, Systems operation, Task analysis, Tight Execution Time Bound., Timing, WCETs’ Analysis, Resource utilization, Tight execution time bound, Mixed-criticality (MC), Mode switching probability, worst case execution times (WCETs) analysis, schedulability, mode switching probability, optimization, resource utilization, tight execution time bound