Block induced signature generative adversarial network (BISGAN): signature spoofing using GANs

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

Abstract

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are increasingly used in biometric systems. However, existing signature studies predominantly focus on strengthening discriminators or producing data for augmentation, leaving the quality and spoofing capability of generated forgeries insufficiently examined. To address this research gap, we propose Block-Induced Signature GAN (BISGAN)—a generator- focused architecture integrating inception-style blocks and attention mechanisms to preserve influential biometric features during forgery generation. We further introduce a train-shift learning strategy, grounded in adversarial robustness theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV), which enhances the generator’s ability to mimic authentic signature traits. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that BISGAN achieves 88%–100% spoofing success, exceeding prior GAN-based approaches by at least 12%. To support objective assessment, we develop a Generated Quality Metric (GQM) that evaluates forgery realism using latent feature distribution distances. The results confirm the importance of generator-centric adversarial modeling for advancing the robustness and security evaluation of signature verification systems.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number349
Number of pages20
JournalNeural Computing and Applications
Volume38
Issue number9
Publication statusPublished - 24 Apr 2026
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

ORCID /0000-0001-7436-0103/work/214452791
ORCID /0000-0002-8389-8869/work/214455765

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Keywords

  • Adversarial Robustness, Generative Adversarial Networks, Signature Spoofing