Artificial macropores enhance mangrove establishment in hypersaline environments

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Aor Pranchai - , Kasetsart University (Author)
  • Michael Jenke - , Kasetsart University (Author)
  • Jareeya Thongmee - , Kasetsart University (Author)
  • Pornsawan Sutthinon - , Kasetsart University (Author)
  • Suchada Karuna - , Kasetsart University (Author)
  • Koraon Wongkamhaeng - , Kasetsart University (Author)
  • Uta Berger - , Chair of Forest Biometrics and Systems Analysis (Author)

Abstract

Mangroves thrive in the intertidal zone but face limits under extreme conditions. Hypersalinity in tidally impaired areas can restrict their natural establishment. This study investigates whether coring artificial holes, or macropores, which mimic crab burrows to enhance soil aeration, improve water infiltration, and reduce salinity, can enhance mangrove establishment in hypersaline areas. In a 1-year field experiment, we tested the establishment, survival, and growth of Bruguiera cylindrica seedlings with and without artificially cored macropores across different inundation levels in a salt flat ecotone in Chanthaburi, Eastern Thailand. Seedling establishment was significantly higher in treated plots, with macropores increasing establishment odds by eight times compared to controls (p < 0.001). Treatment also accelerated leaf formation by 36 days on average (p < 0.001) and increased monthly shoot growth by 0.3 cm (p = 0.015). While macropores significantly enhanced belowground biomass in medium-inundation plots (p = 0.045), effects on aboveground biomass were marginal (p = 0.06). Soil salinity was significantly lower around treated seedlings, but only in medium hydroperiod plots (p < 0.01). Vessel analysis showed that macropores increased vessel diameter by an average of 2.38 μm (p = 0.049), suggesting improved water transport efficiency. These findings suggest that artificial macropores could be a promising, low-cost tool for supporting early mangrove establishment in hypersaline areas. However, further research is needed to refine macropore arrangement and evaluate effectiveness across various mangrove species and environmental conditions. If validated, this method may provide a practical strategy to enhance mangrove resilience against sea-level rise.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere70015
Number of pages8
JournalRestoration Ecology
Volume33
Issue number4
Early online date24 Feb 2025
Publication statusPublished - May 2025
Peer-reviewedYes

External IDs

ORCID /0000-0001-6920-136X/work/180372524

Keywords

Keywords

  • artificial macropores, hypersalinity, mangrove expansion, mangrove restoration, seedling establishment