Application of gene expression programming (GEP) for the prediction of compressive strength of geopolymer concrete

Research output: Contribution to journalResearch articleContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Mohsin Ali Khan - , National University of Sciences and Technology Pakistan (Author)
  • Adeel Zafar - , National University of Sciences and Technology Pakistan (Author)
  • Arslan Akbar - , City University of Hong Kong (Author)
  • Muhammad Faisal Javed - , COMSATS University Islamabad (Author)
  • Amir Mosavi - , TUD Dresden University of Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Óbuda University, Oxford Brookes University (OBU) (Author)

Abstract

For the production of geopolymer concrete (GPC), fly-ash (FA) like waste material has been effectively utilized by various researchers. In this paper, the soft computing techniques known as gene expression programming (GEP) are executed to deliver an empirical equation to estimate the compressive strength fc 1 of GPC made by employing FA. To build a model, a consistent, extensive and reliable data base is compiled through a detailed review of the published research. The compiled data set is comprised of 298 fc 1 experimental results. The utmost dominant parameters are counted as explanatory variables, in other words, the extra water added as percent FA (%EW), the percentage of plasticizer (%P), the initial curing temperature (T), the age of the specimen (A), the curing duration (t), the fine aggregate to total aggregate ratio (F/AG), the percentage of total aggregate by volume (%AG), the percent SiO2 solids to water ratio (% S/W) in sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution, the NaOH solution molarity (M), the activator or alkali to FA ratio (AL/FA), the sodium oxide (Na2O) to water ratio (N/W) for preparing Na2SiO3 solution, and the Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratio (Ns/No). A GEP empirical equation is proposed to estimate the fc 1 of GPC made with FA. The accuracy, generalization, and prediction capability of the proposed model was evaluated by performing parametric analysis, applying statistical checks, and then compared with non-linear and linear regression equations.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Article number1106
Pages (from-to)1-23
Number of pages23
JournalMaterials
Volume14
Issue number5
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2021
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

Sustainable Development Goals

Keywords

  • Artificial intelligence, Building materials, Cement, Fly ash, Gene expression programming, Geopolymer, Regression analysis, Smart cities, Sustainable concrete, Sustainable construction materials, Waste materials