The European Train Control System (ETCS) offers promising oppor-tunities for supervising railway traffic. However, legacy interlocking systems and conventional trackside equipment impede the deployment of ETCS Level 2 with Train Integrity Monitoring System (TIMS) due to high investment costs, person-nel requirements, and long implementation times. This research re-evaluates es-tablished signalling principles and proposes a dedicated signalling architecture with ETCS as a system’s core component, building on the existing Reference CCS Architecture (RCA) draft. The Advanced Protection System (APS) inte-grates the functionality of Interlocking and Radio Block Centre (RBC). It applies a geometric signalling logic based on dynamically areas, enabling continuous su-pervision and movement authorisation of all vehicle movements within the APS Control Area, supporting automation and operational simplification. By enabling moving-block operation and eliminating the need for fixed signals and trackside train detection systems, APS reduces infrastructure complexity, project costs, and maintenance effort. This research defines the APS architecture in a Systems Modelling Language (SysML) 1.6 model, providing a formal representation of the system’s structure, functions, and behaviour. The signalling functionalities are implement-ed in a software demonstrator in the ETCS-Laboratory of the Ger-man Centre for Rail Traffic Research (DZSF) to validate the concept through simulation.