A checklist for using Beals’ index with incomplete floristic monitoring data: Reply to Christensen et al. (2021): Problems in using Beals’ index to detect species trends in incomplete floristic monitoring data

Research output: Contribution to journalComment/debateContributedpeer-review

Contributors

  • Helge Bruelheide - , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig (Author)
  • Florian Jansen - , University of Rostock (Author)
  • Ute Jandt - , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig (Author)
  • Markus Bernhardt-Römermann - , Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Author)
  • Aletta Bonn - , German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Author)
  • Diana Bowler - , German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena (Author)
  • Jürgen Dengler - , German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), University of Bayreuth (Author)
  • David Eichenberg - (Author)
  • Volker Grescho - , German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (Author)
  • Simon Kellner - , State Agency for Agriculture (Author)
  • Reinhard A. Klenke - , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig (Author)
  • Silke Lütt - , State Agency for Agriculture (Author)
  • Lina Lüttgert - , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (Author)
  • Francesco Maria Sabatini - , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig (Author)
  • Karsten Wesche - , International Institute Zittau, Chair of Biodiversity of Higher Plants, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle—Jena—Leipzig, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (Author)

Abstract

Christensen et al. criticized the application of Beals’ index of sociological favourability to adjust for incomplete species lists when comparing repeated surveys. Their main argument was that using Beals’ conditional occurrence probabilities would systematically underestimate biodiversity change compared to using observed frequencies. Although this might be the case for rare species, as we explicitly stated in our original publication, we here use a worked-out example to show that this criticism is unjustified for species that are sufficiently represented in the reference data set. In our opinion, the misconception derives from ignoring one of the key requirements for applying Beal's index, which is the use of a sufficiently large reference data set to derive a reliable co-occurrence matrix. We here show how the predicted probability for the occurrence of a species depends on the size of the reference data set and give recommendations on the premises for applying Beals’ approach for monitoring purposes.

Details

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1328-1333
Number of pages6
Journal Diversity & distributions : a journal of biological invasions and biodiversity
Volume27
Issue number7
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2021
Peer-reviewedYes

Keywords

Keywords

  • Beals’ index, biodiversity change, Germany, habitat mapping, incomplete survey data, monitoring, resurvey