Sputtered Zero-Excess Electrodes with Metallic Seed Layers for Solid-State Sodium Batteries

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

  • Ansgar Lowack - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Paula Grun - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Rafael Anton - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Henry Auer - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Kristian Nikolowski - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Mareike Partsch - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Mihails Kusnezoff - , Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)
  • Alexander Michaelis - , Professur für Anorganisch-Nichtmetallische Werkstoffe (gB/FG), Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme (Autor:in)

Abstract

Abstract Zero-excess sodium metal solid-state batteries offer improved safety, lower cost, higher energy density, and reduced resource dependency compared to today's lithium-ion technology. This study demonstrates the fabrication of zero-excess electrodes with unprecedented stability during plating/stripping cycles. The fabrication process involves the sputter deposition of 20 nm metallic seed layers – zinc, silver, indium, or tin – onto NASICON (Na3.4Zr2Si2.4P0.6O12) ceramic separators, followed by the sputter deposition of a 30 μm copper current collector. The favorable influence of these seed layers on the in-situ formation of the sodium|NASICON interface is examined through nucleation and cycling experiments, with a sodium metal reservoir serving as the non-limiting counter electrode. Due to alloy formation the seed layers – particularly tin – stabilize sodium nucleation and cycling substantially and reduce dendrite formation compared to reference cells with bare copper current collectors. Sodium loss during cycling is primarily attributed to local cracking of the current collector and its partial delamination from the NASICON. Compared to polished NASICON, a roughened surface reduces the resistance e. g. of the counter electrode 200-fold to approx. 1 Ωcm2 at 3 MPa and suppresses delamination further.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummere202400364
Seitenumfang16
FachzeitschriftBatteries & supercaps
Jahrgang8
Ausgabenummer5
Frühes Online-Datum25 Okt. 2024
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Mai 2025
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

Scopus 85209641352

Schlagworte

Schlagwörter

  • Sodium batteries, Solid-state, Zero-excess electrodes, Sputter deposition, Vapor deposition, Seed metals, Seed layers