The mechanical behaviour of strain-hardening cement-based composites (SHCC) under monotonic tensile loading has been the subject of research for many years. The recent research on the SHCC’s performance under cyclic loading has enabled the identification of a wide variety of damage phenomena different to those observed under monotonic loading. The article at hand first summarises the experimental evidence of such phenomena in the context of the material performance observed. On this basis, the mechanisms behind these phenomena are discussed and explained using rheological modelling.