Pilot study of an anxiety induction method applying generative artificial intelligence and mixed reality

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Abstract

Worry is theorized to be a predominantly verbal, abstract thinking style that suppresses vivid mental imagery and blunts affect, thus serving avoidance. In order to test a new way to circumvent this avoidance, we examined whether personalized, AI-generated depictions of worry scenarios can elicit anxiety. These images were presented in a mixed reality worry gallery, arranged spatially and embedded in the physical environment using a mixed reality head-mounted display. Applying a within-subject repeated-measures design, we assessed subjective state anxiety and affect, as well as physiological responses (heart rate and skin conductance level) of 34 healthy adults (70.6% female, 24.47 years on average). Additional measures included representation accuracy and realism of worry depictions. Multivariate analyses of variance revealed higher, but only medium-sized anxiety ratings for AI-generated worry versus neutral images. Negative affect increased and positive affect decreased after worry-image presentation. Higher perceived realism and alignment were associated with greater anxiety. Physiological indices did not show significant increases. Our results suggest that AI-generated worry imagery can induce subjective anxiety and modulate state affect in mixed reality settings. Further work should improve stimulus reliability, include clinical samples, and benchmark mixed reality against other presentation modalities such as imaginal worry exposure to clarify equivalence and incremental value.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer103150
FachzeitschriftJournal of Anxiety Disorders
Jahrgang119
Frühes Online-Datum14 März 2026
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Apr. 2026
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

ORCID /0000-0002-1697-6732/work/210353974
ORCID /0000-0002-8923-6284/work/210354056
ORCID /0000-0002-3611-8719/work/210355296
ORCID /0000-0002-0994-4396/work/210355604
Scopus 105034691753

Schlagworte

Schlagwörter

  • Anxiety induction, Generative artificial intelligence, Mixed reality, Worry exposure, Worry