Nanoparticles and systems made-up from such nanoparticles witness a bright and prospective future in high-end technological applications. Nanoparticles are right at the edge to enter market-relevant products in medicine and biology, but equally be applied in many inorganic and semiconducting devices. The driving force to take profit from such confined nanomaterials though, might have very different origins, may it be the novelty and challenging new physics popping up behind them, or rather be it the economic and green power requests for our 21 century society. What so ever, nanoparticles are a must to be considered when it comes to novelty, energy management, integration issues, and costs. Some of these novel physical challenges and impacts will be discussed here in the context of modern type applications. Also the relevant physico-chemical background for such nanoparticles and nanoparticle systems will be given, shedding light on scalability and anisotropy of nanoparticles.