Modelling of Mechano-electric Feedback in Cardiac Tissue (Modelling der elektromechanischen Reaktion in Herzgewebe)

Publikation: Hochschulschrift/AbschlussarbeitMasterarbeit

Abstract

The heart’s pumping action can be successfully performed by the well-coordinated relationship between Excitation Contraction Coupling (ECC) by which electrical activation of cardiac cells triggers the mechanical contraction of heart and Mechano Electric Feedback (MEF), a mechanical alteration influences cardiac electrical activity. While ECC is rather well characterized, less is known about the cellular mechanisms of MEF. Nevertheless, the significance of MEF can’t be disregarded. In the work, MEF is compuationally investigated in cell and organ scales by using the modified Hill model describing the orthotropic electro-visco-elastic respose of myocardium where the active (electrical) and mechanical (viscous and elastic) deformations were decomposed in a multiplicative format [1, 2]. At cell scale, it is reveald that MEF contributes to the synchronized contractions of the cardiac tissue by decreasing the dispersion of repolarization. Furthermore, as a novel aspect, the mathematical models of Stretch-Activated ion Channels (SACs) responsible for MEF are reformulated in terms of the strain rate along f (λ̇f ) and the stretch along s (λs ). The influence on the biventricular heart model is studied with electrocardiogram (ECG) and volume-time curve (v-t curve) during normal cardiac cycles. It is observed that MEF is activated in the different area of the biventricular heart. Afterwards, Ventricular fibrillation (VF) due to “Commotio Cordis” and its termination by “Precordial Thump” are simulated. Finally, Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) is simulated with the hemodynamical disturbance by using the left ventricular heart model. The adverse influence of the PVCs on the cardiac performance is studied and Postextrasystolic Potentiation (PESP) is detected during the PVCs.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
QualifizierungsstufeMaster of Science
Gradverleihende Hochschule
Betreuer:in / Berater:in
  • Kaliske, Michael, Betreuer:in
Datum der Verteidigung (Datum der Urkunde)4 Juni 2018
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 4 Juni 2018
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