Edge of Chaos Theory Resolves Smale Paradox

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

Abstract

No isolated system may ever support complexity. Emergent phenomena may however appear in an open system, if, as established by the Edge of Chaos theory, some of its constitutive elements feature the capability to amplify infinitesimal fluctuations in energy, provided an external source supplies them with a sufficient amount of DC power, which is known to be a signature for locally-active behaviour. In particular, complex behaviours, including static and dynamic pattern formation, may emerge in arrays of identical diffusively-coupled cells, if and only if the basic unit is poised on a particular sub-domain of the Local Activity regime, referred to as Edge of Chaos, within which a quiet state hides in fact a high degree of excitability. Here we show, for the first time, that these counterintuitive phenomena may emerge in a basic memristor cellular neural network, consisting of two identical diffusively-coupled second-order cells. The proposed bio-inspired array represents the simplest ever-reported open system, which reproduces the shocking phenomenon, reported by Smale in 1974, when, while studying a model from cellular biology, he observed two identical reaction cells, “mathematically dead” on their own, pulsating together upon diffusive coupling. Impressively, the bio-inspired two-cell reaction-diffusion network contains only nine circuit elements, specifically two DC voltage sources, three linear resistors, two linear capacitors, and two functional niobium oxide (NbO) memristors from NaMLab. Applying the theory of Local Activity to an accurate model of the memristor oscillator, a comprehensive picture for its local and global dynamics may be drawn, providing a systematic method to tune the design parameters of the two-cell array to enable diffusion-driven instabilities therein.

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer3
Seiten (von - bis)1252-1265
Seitenumfang14
FachzeitschriftIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems : a publication of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society. 1, Regular Papers
Jahrgang69
Ausgabenummer3
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 21 Jan. 2022
Peer-Review-StatusJa

Externe IDs

Scopus 85123742046
unpaywall 10.1109/tcsi.2021.3133627
dblp journals/tcasI/AscoliDTC22
Mendeley 53d3a9bd-9e84-339d-a8d2-b069fb65afaf
WOS 000750397200001
ORCID /0000-0002-1236-1300/work/142239534

Schlagworte

Schlagwörter

  • Complexity theory, Couplings, Edge of Chaos principle., Integrated circuit modeling, Mathematical models, Memristors, NaMLab niobium oxide (NbO) memristor, Oscillators, Pattern formation, Prigogine symmetry-breaking, Smale paradox, bio-inspired memristor oscillator, cellular nonlinear/neural/nanoscale network, destabilization of the homogeneous, emergent phenomena, pattern formation, theory of Local Activity, turing instability, two-cell reaction-diffusion system, Superconducting materials, Numerical simulation, Electromagnetic field, Magnetic levitation, Edge of Chaos principle, neural, nanoscale network, cellular nonlinear