The chylomicronemia-syndrome represents a kind of lipid disorder that is up to now not yet well understood. Due to unfavorable nutritional habits of many people an increase in the frequency of these disorders can be expected. Besides forms which are genetically determined the manifestation of the disorder is frequently induced by unsatisfactorily compensated diabetes, by fat-rich meals and by alcohol consumption. The chylomicronemia-syndrome is characterized by triglyceride levels 10.0mmol/ l (875mg/dl) and the appearance of chylomicrons in the fasting state. Therefore the plasma of these patients shows a milky-white cloudiness. Most patients do not report discomforts, thus the chylomicronemiasyndrome is often discovered accidentally. With respect to the therapy an immediate adjustment of the nutrition and an absolute abandonment of alcohol intake are ranking first. Diabetes has to be excluded or should be very well adjusted. Among the drugs first of all fibrates are indicated when by means of basal therapeutic principles no sufficiently good decrease of the triglyceride levels is possible. The most important complication is an acute pancreatitis.