The purpose of the study is to design and develop an instrument for non-destructive measurement of basis weight of fabrics. Weight per square meter is a major product quality of textile materials but its control during production is still limited. The observed dependency of the amplitude pulsed ultrasonic signal transmitted through a textile material on its basis weight informed the recommendation of this method for determining the basis weight of fabrics. The ultrasonic method of non-destructive testing of basis weight of textile materials has been incorporated into the experimental system. We investigated the basis weight of woven fabrics using the proposed ultrasonic system and the standard method and the results show high correlation. It is concluded that the proposed ultrasonic method can be used for the continuous operational control of the basis weight of textile materials during production.