The impact of traffic emissions on atmospheric ozone and OH: Results from QUANTIFY

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftForschungsartikelBeigetragenBegutachtung

Beitragende

  • P. Hoor - , Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Autor:in)
  • J. Borken-Kleefeld - , Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) e.V. (Autor:in)
  • D. Caro - , Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Autor:in)
  • O. Dessens - , University of Cambridge (Autor:in)
  • O. Endresen - , DNV GL Group (Autor:in)
  • M. Gauss - , University of Oslo (Autor:in)
  • V. Grewe - , Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) e.V. (Autor:in)
  • D. Hauglustaine - , Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Autor:in)
  • I. S.A. Isaksen - , University of Oslo (Autor:in)
  • P. Jöckel - , Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Autor:in)
  • J. Lelieveld - , Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (Autor:in)
  • G. Myhre - , University of Oslo, Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research (CICERO) (Autor:in)
  • E. Meijer - , Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (Autor:in)
  • D. Olivie - , Météo France (Autor:in)
  • M. Prather - , University of California at Irvine (Autor:in)
  • C. Schnadt Poberaj - , ETH Zurich (Autor:in)
  • K. P. Shine - , University of Reading (Autor:in)
  • J. Staehelin - , ETH Zurich (Autor:in)
  • Q. Tang - , University of California at Irvine (Autor:in)
  • J. Van Aardenne - , European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute (Autor:in)
  • P. Van Velthoven - , Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (Autor:in)
  • R. Sausen - , Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) e.V. (Autor:in)

Abstract

To estimate the impact of emissions by road, aircraft and ship traffic on ozone and OH in the present-day atmosphere six different atmospheric chemistry models have been used. Based on newly developed global emission inventories for road, ship and aircraft emission data sets each model performed sensitivity simulations reducing the emissions of each transport sector by 5%. The model results indicate that on global annual average lower tropospheric ozone responds most sensitive to ship emissions (50.6%±10.9% of the total traffic induced perturbation), followed by road (36.7%±9.3%) and aircraft exhausts (12.7%±2.9%), respectively. In the northern upper troposphere between 200-300 hPa at 30-60? N the maximum impact from road and ship are 93% and 73% of the maximum effect of aircraft, respectively. The latter is 0.185 ppbv for ozone (for the 5% case) or 3.69 ppbv when scaling to 100%. On the global average the impact of road even dominates in the UTLS-region. The sensitivity of ozone formation per NOx molecule emitted is highest for aircraft exhausts. The local maximum effect of the summed traffic emissions on the ozone column predicted by the models is 0.2 DU and occurs over the northern subtropical Atlantic extending to central Europe. Below 800 hPa both ozone and OH respond most sensitively to ship emissions in the marine lower troposphere over the Atlantic. Based on the 5% perturbation the effect on ozone can exceed 0.6% close to the marine surface (global zonal mean) which is 80% of the total traffic induced ozone perturbation. In the southern hemisphere ship emissions contribute relatively strongly to the total ozone perturbation by 60%-80% throughout the year. Methane lifetime changes against OH are affected strongest by ship emissions up to 0.21 (± 0.05)%, followed by road (0.08 (±0.01)%) and air traffic (0.05 (± 0.02)%). Based on the full scale ozone and methane perturbations positive radiative forcings were calculated for road emissions (7.3±6.2 mWm-2) and for aviation (2.9±2.3 mWm-2). Ship induced methane lifetime changes dominate over the ozone forcing and therefore lead to a net negative forcing (-25.5±13.2 mWm-2).

Details

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Seiten (von - bis)3113-3136
Seitenumfang24
FachzeitschriftAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Jahrgang9
Ausgabenummer9
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - 12 Mai 2009
Peer-Review-StatusJa
Extern publiziertJa

Externe IDs

ORCID /0000-0002-5465-8559/work/150883970

Schlagworte

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete