In underdoped cuprate superconductors, a rich competition occurs between superconductivity and charge density wave (CDW) order.Whether rotational symmetry-breaking (nematicity) occurs intrinsically and generically or as a consequence of other orders is under debate. Here, we employ resonant x-ray scattering in stripe-ordered superconductors (La,M)₂CuO₄ to probe the relationship between electronic nematicity of the Cu 3d orbitals, structure of the (La,M)₂O₂ layers, and CDWorder.We find distinct temperature dependences for the structure of the (La,M)₂O₂ layers and the electronic nematicity of the CuO₂ planes, with only the latter being enhanced by the onset of CDWorder.These results identify electronic nematicity as an order parameter that is distinct from a purely structural order parameter in underdoped striped cuprates.